Whither Our Heroes?

We lost a hero yesterday, a giant of a man whose small step brought the Moon (and beyond) closer to us all.

Image courtesy of NASA

My circle of true heroes is vanishing; I watch as the legacies of wondrous deeds and heroic accomplishments fade into distant memory, replaced by vacuous rhetoric, empty promises, and dishonorable lies. I wonder and despair: Why has the wisdom, experience, and pursuit of science been relegated to pariah status, dismissed as an afterthought?

Whither our heroes?

Where are the visionaries, the women and men who still dare to boldly go? Our species squanders its hyperconnectivity—blindly rallying itself behind ideology, zealotry, denialism, hypocrisy, misogyny, hate, discrimination... and chicken sandwiches—while our air, soil, and water fill with toxins; our eyes, ears, and brains fill with pablum; and our Earth system teeters on catastrophe.

Our Spirit, Opportunity, and Curiosity are not enough to save us from our own greed, selfishness, and ignorance. We need Passion, and Clarity, and Courage, and Audacity!

Who are our children's Neil Armstrongs, Sally Rides, and Carl Sagans?

Who will speak for Earth… and when will we listen?

Whither our heroes?

Science Help Guides

I try to limit the quantity of paperwork that I distribute to students at the beginning of the year. I like to keep things streamlined and simplified, distilling classroom guidelines and expectations down to the bare essentials. Additionally, I don't distribute this paperwork to students on the first (or even second, or third…) day of school—it's better to jump right in and get the science started, giving students and me a chance to collaborate and socialize.

Once we are ready to talk about the classroom nuts and bolts, one of the most important documents I distribute are my Science Help Guides. These guides are a collection of standards of excellence for various tasks that we utilize throughout the year. Thanks to continuous feedback from and observations of students, these help guides have evolved over the years to their latest and greatest iteration. I tell my students annually, "These are the best help guides ever because they reflect the collective wisdom of every group of students who have preceded you."

Image credit: Microsoft Clipart

This year's help guides include the following:

• How to Be Successful in Science Class
• Standards of Excellence for Science Writing
• Masterpiece Captions
• Connect the Dots
• Data Tables
• Graphs
• Show Me the Math!
• Bibliographies and Picture Credits

I am proud of these help guides. They give my students and me a common language to share, work from, and build upon. While the help guides provide structure and support, I strive to ensure that they don't completely stifle opportunities for individuality. They are meant to be guidelines, rather than rigid rules. Student creativity beyond these guidelines is welcomed and encouraged.

Students and teachers alike are free to download and use these help guides. They are published under a Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0). I only ask that my copyright is honored and respected, and that I am given proper credit for the guides. Otherwise, I hope they are beneficial…

Beware Charlatan Science

“Science literacy is vaccine against charlatans of the world that would exploit your ignorance of the forces of nature.” —Neil deGrasse Tyson, Astrophysicist

Image credit: Microsoft Clipart

Conscientious scientists do not cherry-pick data to fit their conclusions (that's bias), but allow data and evidence to inform, educate, and guide their research—no matter the unexpected results. Science is challenging and complex; yet we must be cautious of charlatans who seek to infect us with pseudoscience and denialism:

• Beware of charlatan "scientists" who cherry-pick data and selectively name-drop. Unfortunately, many members of US Congress fit into this category, especially those who subscribe to climate change denialism.
• Beware of charlatan "scientists" who do not understand what "uncertainty" means in science. Scientists must always consider, respect, and address the physical and statistical uncertainties in their data, measurements, and models, and they must express their results in terms of mathematical confidence.
• Beware of charlatan "scientists" who misuse the term "theory" (as in, "it's just a theory"). A scientific theory is a well-reasoned explanation based on mountains of evidence—it is not just a guess. An educated guess in science is called a hypothesis, which must be tested for validity before its veracity can be established.
• Beware of "news" organizations that claim to tell "both sides of the story" equitably. One dissenting opinion does not negate thousands of peer-reviewed, published research papers. One loud-mouthed argument does not constitute a fair balance.
• Beware of charlatan "scientists" who short-circuit the quality assurance and rigor built into the peer-review process. Scientists themselves are their own worst critics and very effectively weed out questionable science.

In an age of charlatanism, it is important that science education remain vigilant and true to how science really works. A good science curriculum teaches students about the nature of science and fully engages students in the complexities of scientific thinking, knowing, and doing. For more about How Science Works, visit Understanding Science, an amazing website developed by the University of California Museum of Paleontology.